People For the American Way and PFAW's African American Ministers In Action believe in the important role that data collection has to play in eliminating racial and ethnic disparities in the identification, placement, and discipline of special education students. On March 7, the D.C. District Court found that the Department of Education failed to provide a reasoned explanation for delaying the 2016 Equity in IDEA regulation. On April 29, PFAW, AAMIA, and allied organizations wrote to the Department to ensure that they comply with the court's ruling and move forward with implementation. You can download our letter here.
Dear Secretary DeVos,
On behalf of The Leadership Conference on Civil and Human Rights, a coalition charged by its diverse membership of more than 200 national organizations to promote and protect the civil and human rights of all persons in the United States, and the 26 undersigned organizations, we strongly urge the Department of Education (ED or the Department) to comply with the recent district court decision invalidating the two-year delay of the Equity in IDEA regulation and respond in a positive and proactive manner to implement it.
The Department chose to delay the implementation of the Equity in IDEA regulation, over the objections of the National Association of State Directors of Special Education, Inc.,i the civil rights community,ii and many other interested entities. Students of color continue to confront gross inequities in our school systems and too often within special education.iii The overrepresentation of children of color in special education,iv troubling disparitiesv in school discipline, especially for Black students;vi and the disproportionate placement of children of color in restrictive and segregated learning environmentsvii all demand prompt and thorough action. These data are evidence that we have a long way to go to fulfill the full promise of IDEA and our civil rights laws.
On March 7, 2019, the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia in COPAA v. DeVos set aside the Department’s rule that delayed the compliance date of the Equity in IDEA regulation regarding significant racial and national origin disproportionality in the identification, placement, and discipline of students with disabilities.viii The court found that the Department had failed to provide a reasoned explanation for the delay and that it failed to consider the burdens the delay imposed on parents and their children with disabilities, State education agencies (SEAs), local education agencies (LEAs), and society.
It is past time for the Department to look forward and ensure compliance with the regulation. We appreciate the Department’s belated notice to SEAs this month that “the 2016 regulation is currently in effect,” and expect the Department will promptly revise several of its active webpages that still announce the delay.ix We urge the Department to immediately, clearly, and actively notify SEAs and their state advisory panels that they are now required to comply with the 2016 Equity in IDEA regulation (except for children ages 3 through 5, for whom compliance is not required until July 2020). Circulating a few sentences in a notice will not suffice, particularly while the Department declares that it is still “reviewing the ruling and considering our options”x and continues to announce the delay on several active webpages addressing significant disproportionality. For those SEAs who relied on the delay regulation to stop preparing for compliance, we ask the Department to provide resources and technical assistance aimed to bring them into compliance immediately.
The SEAs need certainty about the expectation to implement the methodological requirements of the Equity in IDEA regulations, as well as requirements regarding disparities in discipline of students with disabilities, and requirements of what SEAs must do when significant disproportionality is found. There have been too many mixed signals. It is time to give SEAs a clear one, without lingering concerns that a new regulation is on the horizon that may undermine the impact of the resources we hope the SEAs will invest, and already have invested, in this effort. More importantly, the children who are currently being disproportionately identified, placed in restrictive settings, and disciplined need the regulation’s protections put in place to ensure they are receiving appropriate and equitable educational services. We urge the Department not to appeal the district court’s decision and not to issue any proposal to further amend the Equity in IDEA regulation.xi
The Equity in IDEA regulation, like the IDEA itself, recognizes the important monitoring role that the Department must play and the importance of transparency. We urge the Department to obtain expedited clearance to collect all the data identified in Section 300.647(b)(7) of the regulation. The Department previously initiated the information collection clearance process for these dataxii and received positive public comments.xiii It is time to finish that process and start collecting that critical data and reporting it to the public.
Similarly, the Department must follow through on its commitment to evaluate the Equity in IDEA regulation “to assess its impact, if any, on how LEAs identify children with disabilities,” including “an examination of the extent to which school and LEA personnel incorrectly interpret the risk ratio thresholds and implement racial quotas in an attempt to avoid findings of significant disproportionality by States, contrary to IDEA.”xiv We urge the prompt initiation of an evaluation of the impact of the Equity in IDEA regulation. While we disagree (as did the district court) with the Department’s view that the Equity in IDEA regulation will result in de facto racial or ethnic quotas, it is important to understand how teachers and administrators are, in practice, responding to the regulation. Without such an evaluation, it is impossible to know what additional guidance or technical assistance is necessary to further reduce the risk of students of color being over-, under- or misidentified as students with disabilities, improperly placed, and improperly disciplined because of their race or national origin.
For the sake of all children, we urge you to ensure compliance with these critical protections under IDEA and take action to address racial disparities. If you have any questions, please contact Leadership Conference K12 Program Analyst Anum Malik at [email protected] or 202.548.7171.